Those are Storyborn, Dreamborn, and Floodborn
For example, an opponent who gained 2 life and lost 1 life in the same turn still lost life
Lavina is capable of hurting several decks in Modern with permission
He's a dice rolling MTG commander, who wants you to be throwing down as many dice as possible to generate treasures and 3/3 Robot tokens
This five drop 5/5 on curve Naya colored dork gets bigger as more Auras are added in size, and that's card disadvantage if you kill it, but not without jumping through some targeted restrictions first, and you can Edict them, but they'll sac another dork, or Damnation the board, but respond with Heroic Intervention or just give it an indestructible Aura
Specifically, the number of cards discarded and permanents sacrificed isn't tied to the amount of damage dealt